Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the sensory and neuromotor performance of agricultural workers exposed to pesticides in the town of Sumapaz
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical studywith 75 agricultural workers exposed to pesticides was performed. During 2013 a questionnaire that looked into the history ofpesticide exposure and neurological assessment tests were applied. Indicator prevalence odds ratio was used in the analysis. Results: There were statistically significant differences between workers with higher dermal exposure and alterations in tactilesensitivity. Failure to use protective elements such as hat, increases alterations in sensitivity to heat and pain. There is anassociation between workers who are not protected hands withalterations in the oculomotor tracking. Discussion and Conclusions: Statistical associations were found between qualitativeindicators of exposure to pesticides that have shown neurological effects in other studies and the occurrence of these effectson farm workers. Elements that contribute to building publicpolicies to reduce occupational and environmental exposure topesticides were identified
References
. Dominguez MC, Peñuela G, Florez, MT. Método analítico para la determinación de etilentiourea (ETU) subproducto del Mancozeb en un Andisol del Oriente Antioqueño. Rev Fac Ing Univ Antioquia. 2009; 49: 42-49.
. Orozco I, Sánchez P, González D, García J. Neuropatíia periférica y deterioro de las funciones cognitivas asociadas a la exposicion crónica a organofosforados. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2005; 43 (6): 479-486.
. Mauermann ML, Burns T. The evaluation of chronic axonal polyneuripathies. Semin Neurol. 2008; 28(2): 51-133.
. Moya Muñoz, informe final investigación: Afectacion neurologica de trabajadores agricolas expuestos a plaguicidadas en la localidad 20 Sumapaz. Universidad EAN. 2016.
. Briceño L, Varona M, Francoise, M. Compromiso neurológico periférico y exposición a plaguicidas en cultivadores de arroz en zona rural, Colombia. Universidad Nuestra Señora del Rosario, Departamento de toxicología. 2012; 1-73.
. Jamal GA, Hansen S, Pilkington, A, Buchanan D, Gillham RA, Abdel M, et al. A clinical neurological, neurophysiological, and neuropsychological study of sheep farmer and dippers exposed to organophosphate pesticides. Occup Environ Med. 2002; 59, 434-441.
. Azhary H, Farooq MU, Bhanushali M, Majid A, Kassab MY. Peripheral Neuropathy: diferential diagnosis and managment. Am Fam Physician. 2010; 81(7): 887-92.
. Valls C, Lopez F, Marquez J, Obiols J, Moreno N, Baselga M. Efectos a largo plazo sobre la salud de la exposición a plaguicidas ambientales. Centro de análisis y programas sanitarios. 2009; 1-36
. Stokes L, Stark A, Marshall E, Narang A. Neurotoxicity among pesticide applicators exposed to organophosphates. Occup Environ Med. 1995; 52(10): 648-53.
. Pilkington A, Buchanan D, Jamal GA, Gillham R, Hansen S, Kidd M, et al. An epidemiological study of the relations between exposure to organophosphate pesticides and indices of chronic peripheral neuropathy and neuropsychological abnormalities in sheep farmers and dippers. Occup Environ Med. 2001; 58: 702–710.
. Colombia. Ministerio de Salud. Resolución 8430 del 4 de octubre de 1993. Por la cual se establecen las normas científicas, técnicas y administrativas para la investigación en salud. [Fecha de consulta: Noviembre 10 de 2015]. Disponible en: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Normatividad_Nuevo/RESOLUCION%208430%20DE%201993.pdf
. Rothman KJ, Greenland S, Lash TL. Modern Epidemiology, 3rd Edition. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2008.
. Monge P, Partanen T, Wesseling C, Bravo V, Ruepert C, Burstyn I. Assessment of Pesticide Exposure in the Agricultural Population of Costa Rica. Ann Occup Hyg. 2005; 49(5):375-84.
. Benavides JA, Losada MA. Condiciones de trabajo, prácticas culturales y efectos sobre la función tiroidea en los cultivadores de papa expuestos al mancozeb en Villapinzón, Cundinamarca. En: Lozada MA, Muñoz AI. Experiencias de investigación en salud y seguridad en el trabajo. Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia; 2012. 89–128.
. Ismail A, Bodner T, Rohlman D. Neurobehavioral performance among agricultural workers and pesticide applicators: a meta-analytic study. Occup Environ Med. 2012; 69(7): 457–464.
. Mergler D., Baldwin M., Belanger S., Larribe F., Beuter A., Bowler R., et al. Manganese neurotoxicity, a continiuum of dysfunction: results form a community based study. Neurotox. 1999; 20: 327–342
. Rosenstock L, Keifer M, Daniell WE, McConnell R, Claypoole K. Chronic central nervous system effects of acute organophosphate pesticide intoxication. The Pesticide Health Effects Study Group. Lancet. 1991; 338(8761):223-7.
. Pascuzzi RM. Peripheral Neuropathy. Med Clin North Am. 2009; 93(2): 317-342.
. Parra LM. Caracterizacion de los patrones de consumo de alimentos en la localidad de Sumapaz. Bogotá, 2012.
. Ewing J. Detecting alcoholism. The CAGE questionnaire. JAMA. 1984; 252(14):1905-7.
. Hernández A, Pla A. Toxicidad de los plaguicidas. En: Respuesta ante las intoxicaciones agudas por plaguicidas. Consejería de salud, Junta de Andalucía. 2003.
. Solomo C, Poole J, Palmer K, Peveler R y Coggon D. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in past users of sheep dip and other pesticides. Occup Environ Med. 2007; 64: 259-266.
. Kamel F, Engel LS, Gladen BC, Hoppin JA, Alvanja MCR, Sandler DP. Neurologic symptoms in licensed pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study. Hum exp toxicol. 2007; 26: 243-250.
. Farahat TM, Abdelrasoul GM, Amr MM, Shebl MM, Farahat FM, Anger WK. Neurobehavioural effects among workers occupationally exposed to organophosphorous pesticides. Occup Environ Med. 2003; 60:279-286.
. Buchanan D, Jamal GA, Pilkington A, Hansen S. Clinical validation of methods of diagnosis of neuropathy in a field study of United Kingdom sheep dippers. Occup Environ Med. 2002; 59:442–446.
. Otero G, Porcayo R, Aguirre D, Pedraza M. Estudio neuroconductual en sujetos laboralmente expuestos a plaguicidas. Rev Int Contam Ambie. 2000; 16:002:6774.
. Martínez R, Martínez E. Alteraciones neurológicas, cognitivas y del afecto secundarias a la exposición ocupacional prolongada a plaguicidas organofosforados en trabajadores del sector de la agricultura. Bogotá: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; 2008.
. Oliva M. La exploración oculomotora. Andalucía, Esp: Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real; 2000.
. Hospital Nazareth I Nivel E.S.E. Diagnóstico local de salud Localidad 20 Sumapaz. Bogotá: Secretaría Distrital de Salud; 2014.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2020 REVISTA SALUD, HISTORIA Y SANIDAD